What are the five phases of emergency management as outlined in the NRF?

The five phases of emergency management, as outlined in the National Response Framework (NRF), indeed include Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery. Each of these phases plays a critical role in guiding how communities and agencies prepare for and manage emergencies effectively.

Prevention focuses on efforts to avoid the occurrence of disasters and minimizes risks associated with potential hazards. Mitigation involves strategies to reduce the impact of disasters when they occur, such as implementing building codes or land-use planning. Preparedness ensures that plans and resources are in place to respond effectively to emergencies, ensuring that everyone knows their roles and responsibilities. Response involves the immediate actions taken to address the impacts of an incident, mobilizing resources and personnel to save lives and protect property. Lastly, Recovery refers to the processes and activities that restore the community's functionality and support residents in rebuilding after a disaster.

The other options presented do not accurately represent the established phases. For instance, while "Monitoring" and "Evaluation" are important concepts in emergency management, they are not standalone phases. They could be considered part of other phases like Preparedness or Recovery but do not constitute distinct phases themselves. Thus, all phases in choice B capture the comprehensive approach needed for effective emergency management as articulated by the NRF